ROBOR fine · courtroom impact · daily tracker

The €710m ROBOR fine and its courtroom footprint: how many cases the 10 banks have

Romania's Competition Council fined 10 banks 3.73 billion lei over ROBOR. We track, indicatively, updated daily, how many OPEN court cases these banks appear in, broken down by matter, and how many new ones emerge after the decision.

updated daily · 27.10.2026 04:30

39.377

distinct OPEN cases involving at least one of the 10 fined banks

10
banks fined
710 mil €
total fine
+8.053
new cases after 7 Jun
07.06.2026
decision date

On 7 June 2026, Romania's Competition Council announced one of the largest sanctions in its history: fines totalling 3.73 billion lei (about €710 million) for ten banks, over the way they allegedly coordinated their behaviour in the procedure that sets the ROBOR index. In short: in a mechanism where each bank was supposed to submit its quote independently, the authority says the institutions exchanged too much information with one another. And ROBOR was, for years, the benchmark behind the rates paid by hundreds of thousands of Romanians with loans in lei.

The banks reacted fast and hard. Banca Transilvania, BCR, BRD, UniCredit, CEC, Raiffeisen, ING and Exim reject the findings, call the decision "arbitrary" or "unfounded" and say they will challenge it in court: some all the way to the European level. In parallel, lawyers are already urging customers to seek, in court, the recovery of interest calculated on ROBOR. Beyond the fine, in other words, come the lawsuits.

A competition fine is a headline. How many open cases a bank actually has is something else: it is the measure of how often it really stands before a judge. That is exactly what we count below, updated daily.

How many open cases each banking group has

Distinct open cases where the group appears as a party: branches and brand subsidiaries consolidated. Click a bank to see its cases.

  1. 1 Banca Transilvania 17.063 39,3%
  2. 2 BRD – Groupe Société Générale 5.638 13,0%
  3. 3 Raiffeisen Bank 3.493 8,1%
  4. 4 CEC Bank 3.459 8,0%
  5. 5 ING Bank 3.094 7,1%
  6. 6 BCR 3.038 7,0%
  7. 7 UniCredit Bank 2.978 6,9%
  8. 8 Intesa Sanpaolo România 1.784 4,1%
  9. 9 Exim Banca Românească 1.140 2,6%
  10. 10 OTP Bank România (preluată de Banca Transilvania) 950 2,2%
  11. 11 Libra Internet Bank 737 1,7%

Breakdown by bank and by matter

Open cases by legal matter for each group, plus the newest cases filed after the decision.

insolvency / bankruptcy commercial / enforcement / admin labour civil / criminal / other

Banca Transilvania

Banca Transilvania S.A.

17.063
open
fine 875,7 mil lei · 23,5%
Civil 10.900
Litigii cu profesioniştii 3.259
Faliment 2.013
Minori şi familie 397
Penal 319
Contencios administrativ şi fiscal 86
Insolvenţa persoanei fizice 48

other matters: 41

New after 7 Jun (50)

  • 712/33/2026 · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Tribunalul București · role: Reclamant
  • 24443/55/2026 · Civil · Judecătoria Arad · role: Intimat
  • 21185/271/2026 · Civil · Judecătoria Oradea · role: Intimat
  • 46147/325/2026 · Civil · Judecătoria Timișoara · role: Contestator
  • 46160/325/2026 · Civil · Judecătoria Timișoara · role: Intimat
See the cases →

BRD – Groupe Société Générale

BRD-Groupe Société Générale SA

5.638
open
fine 412,5 mil lei · 11,0%
Civil 3.261
Litigii cu profesioniştii 1.091
Faliment 881
Penal 178
Minori şi familie 123
Contencios administrativ şi fiscal 49
Litigii de muncă 29

other matters: 26

New after 7 Jun (50)

  • 2607/121/2018/a9 · Faliment · Tribunalul Galați · role: Contestator
  • 40620/212/2025 · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Tribunalul Constanța · role: Intimat Reclamant
  • 63312/299/2026 · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Judecătoria Sectorului 1 București · role: Intervenient
  • 39867/300/2026 · Civil · Judecătoria Sectorului 2 București · role: Creditor
  • 34870/197/2026 · Civil · Judecătoria Brașov · role: Intimat
See the cases →

Raiffeisen Bank

Raiffeisen Bank România SA

3.493
open
fine 442,5 mil lei · 11,9%
Civil 1.901
Litigii cu profesioniştii 705
Faliment 591
Penal 155
Minori şi familie 69
Contencios administrativ şi fiscal 37
Insolvenţa persoanei fizice 18

other matters: 17

New after 7 Jun (50)

See the cases →

CEC Bank

CEC Bank SA

3.459
open
fine 333,0 mil lei · 8,9%
Civil 1.560
Faliment 1.124
Litigii cu profesioniştii 499
Penal 91
Litigii de muncă 66
Minori şi familie 57
Contencios administrativ şi fiscal 29

other matters: 33

New after 7 Jun (50)

  • 38421/212/2026 · Civil · Judecătoria Constanța · role: Pârât
  • 11757/197/2025 · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Tribunalul Brașov · role: Intimat Contestator
  • 628/107/2025/a1 · Faliment · Tribunalul Alba · role: Creditor
  • 46153/325/2026 · Civil · Judecătoria Timișoara · role: Petent
  • 13309/279/2026 · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Judecătoria Piatra Neamț · role: Creditor
See the cases →

ING Bank

ING Bank N.V. Amsterdam Sucursala București

3.094
open
fine 405,9 mil lei · 10,9%
Civil 1.917
Faliment 606
Litigii cu profesioniştii 319
Penal 164
Minori şi familie 46
Insolvenţa persoanei fizice 24
Contencios administrativ şi fiscal 10

other matters: 8

New after 7 Jun (50)

  • 21635/299/2024 · Contencios administrativ şi fiscal · Tribunalul București · role: Petent
  • 43772/299/2025 · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Tribunalul București · role: Intimat
  • 13313/279/2026 · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Judecătoria Piatra Neamț · role: Intimat
  • 993/90/2026/a1 · Faliment · Tribunalul Vâlcea · role: Intimat
  • 22620/231/2026 · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Judecătoria Focșani · role: Intimat
See the cases →

BCR

Banca Comercială Română SA

3.038
open
fine 577,4 mil lei · 15,5%
Civil 1.695
Faliment 595
Litigii cu profesioniştii 440
Penal 207
Minori şi familie 58
Insolvenţa persoanei fizice 15
Contencios administrativ şi fiscal 11

other matters: 17

New after 7 Jun (50)

See the cases →

UniCredit Bank

UniCredit Bank SA

2.978
open
fine 431,0 mil lei · 11,5%
Civil 1.208
Faliment 975
Litigii cu profesioniştii 542
Penal 137
Contencios administrativ şi fiscal 44
Minori şi familie 34
Litigii de muncă 30

other matters: 8

New after 7 Jun (50)

See the cases →

Intesa Sanpaolo România

Banca Comercială Intesa Sanpaolo România SA

1.784
open
fine 28,1 mil lei · 0,8%
Civil 944
Litigii cu profesioniştii 484
Faliment 287
Penal 23
Contencios administrativ şi fiscal 22
Minori şi familie 17
Insolvenţa persoanei fizice 2

other matters: 5

New after 7 Jun (50)

  • 21434/320/2026 · Civil · Judecătoria Târgu Mureș · role: Pârât
  • 5075/281/2025 · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Tribunalul Prahova · role: Apelant Pârât
  • 721/254/2025 · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Tribunalul București · role: Intimat
  • 24379/55/2026 · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Judecătoria Arad · role: Debitor
  • 6402/243/2026 · Civil · Judecătoria Hunedoara · role: Pârât
See the cases →

Exim Banca Românească

Exim Banca Românească SA

1.140
open
fine 96,5 mil lei · 2,6%
Civil 538
Litigii cu profesioniştii 328
Faliment 250
Minori şi familie 18
Insolvenţa persoanei fizice 2
Contencios administrativ şi fiscal 2
Penal 2

New after 7 Jun (50)

  • 50492/299/2025 · Civil · Tribunalul București · role: Contestator
  • 13995/281/2023*/a1 · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Judecătoria Ploiești · role: Apelant Intimat
  • 13995/281/2023* · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Judecătoria Ploiești · role: Apelant Intimat
  • 21479/320/2026 · Civil · Judecătoria Târgu Mureș · role: Pârât
  • 877/245/2026/a1 · Civil · Tribunalul Iași · role: Intimat
See the cases →

OTP Bank România (preluată de Banca Transilvania)

OTP Bank România SA

950
open
fine 85,0 mil lei · 2,3%
Civil 366
Faliment 273
Litigii cu profesioniştii 228
Penal 47
Minori şi familie 18
Contencios administrativ şi fiscal 13
Altele 3

other matters: 2

New after 7 Jun (50)

  • 1716/121/2014/a51 · Faliment · Tribunalul Galați · role: Creditor
  • 1446/337/2024 · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Tribunalul Sălaj · role: Apelant
  • 607/84/2023/a2 · Faliment · Tribunalul Sălaj · role: Creditor
  • 4884/86/2026 · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Tribunalul Suceava · role: Contestator Apelant
  • 5956/118/2021* · Faliment · Tribunalul Constanța · role: Intimat Creditor
See the cases →

Libra Internet Bank

Libra Internet Bank SA

737
open
fine 45,9 mil lei · 1,2%
Civil 376
Faliment 197
Litigii cu profesioniştii 125
Penal 28
Contencios administrativ şi fiscal 6
Minori şi familie 3
Insolvenţa persoanei fizice 2

New after 7 Jun (50)

  • 36311/3/2023 · Contencios administrativ şi fiscal · Curtea de Apel București · role: Reclamant
  • 1863/103/2025/a1 · Faliment · Tribunalul Neamț · role: Creditor
  • 21414/280/2026 · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Judecătoria Sectorului 3 București · role: Pârât
  • 44700/3/2026 · Litigii cu profesioniştii · Tribunalul București · role: Creditor
  • 3817/315/2023* · Civil · Tribunalul Dâmbovița · role: Intimat
See the cases →

Have a case with one of these banks?

Monitor it and get an alert on every change.

Find your case →

New open cases per day, after the decision

This curve grows as lawsuits are filed and synchronised from the official portal. Right after the decision it starts near zero.

60 08.06
92 09.06
99 10.06
82 11.06
77 12.06
104 15.06
97 16.06
72 17.06
78 18.06
74 19.06
85 22.06
97 23.06
82 24.06
86 25.06
90 26.06
93 29.06
116 30.06
96 01.07
93 02.07
57 03.07
75 06.07
56 07.07
72 08.07
98 09.07
61 10.07
79 13.07
86 14.07
89 15.07
92 16.07
78 17.07
82 20.07
62 21.07
109 22.07
79 23.07
57 24.07
84 27.07
91 28.07
82 29.07
72 30.07
54 31.07
75 03.08
82 04.08
71 05.08
86 06.08
60 07.08
75 10.08
87 11.08
76 12.08
83 13.08
75 14.08
72 17.08
77 18.08
66 19.08
86 20.08
92 21.08
71 24.08
86 25.08
91 26.08
66 27.08
57 28.08
64 31.08
84 01.09
89 02.09
69 03.09
84 04.09
1 05.09
75 07.09
83 08.09
90 09.09
71 10.09
72 11.09
105 14.09
80 15.09
94 16.09
70 17.09
101 18.09
82 21.09
71 22.09
85 23.09
86 24.09
62 25.09
82 28.09
64 29.09
108 30.09
70 01.10
70 02.10
91 05.10
79 06.10
62 07.10
71 08.10
79 09.10
89 12.10
68 13.10
79 14.10
85 15.10
62 16.10
83 19.10
86 20.10
85 21.10
79 22.10
59 23.10
62 26.10

What the figures above show

In the public archive we monitor, we counted the open cases, active ones, not those closed for good, in which each of the ten banking groups appears as a party: claimant, defendant, intervener and the rest. Branches and brand subsidiaries are counted together, and for each bank you also get a breakdown by matter: from disputes with professionals and enforcement to insolvency or labour. A large bank does not simply "have lawsuits", it has very different kinds of them.

A necessary caveat: these cases are not "ROBOR lawsuits" and do not say who wins. They are every case in which the bank is a party, regardless of subject. We read them as an indicative barometer of these institutions' judicial footprint: not as official statistics.

The part that changes every day

Right after such a decision, the number of new cases is almost zero: lawsuits are filed, registered and only then become publicly visible, with a natural delay. That is exactly why this page makes sense as a living instrument: the "new after 7 June" figure grows day by day, and its curve tells you, better than any statement, whether the fine triggered a wave of litigation. Note that the sanctions are enforceable, they are paid even while contested, and the competition authority says it wins most of its cases.

What to do if you have a loan with one of these banks

The decision can be challenged at the Court of Appeal within 30 days of the reasoned decision, and the banks have 60 days to submit compliance plans. A competition sanction does not automatically mean compensation for a customer, and the debate remains open: even the central bank's governor has publicly questioned the idea of manipulation. But if you already have a case with your bank, or are considering one, a reasonable first step is to know exactly where you stand: number, court, hearing, stage. You can follow it for free, without depending on the official portal.

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Methodology & limitations

Scope: only OPEN (active) cases: closed/archived cases are excluded. Source: the public court archive synchronised from portal.just.ro.

A bank is matched by party name, including branches and brand subsidiaries; spelling variants may cause minor under- or over-counting, so figures are indicative, not certified.

These are not “ROBOR lawsuits”: they include every subject and imply no fault or outcome. Fine amounts come from the Competition Council announcement of 7 June 2026.

Frequently Asked Questions

Sources

  • Competition Council announcement, 7 June 2026.
  • Public court archive: portal.just.ro (synchronised daily).